CNDBA社区
1 准备工作
1.1 安装需要的RPM 包
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64) libXext-1.1 (x86_64) libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64) libX11-1.3 (x86_64) libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64) libxcb-1.5 (x86_64) libXi-1.3 (x86_64) make-3.81-19.el6 sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64) compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64) gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) ksh <== 任何版本的 ksh 都可以。 libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686) libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686) libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686) libXext-1.1 (i686) libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686) libX11-1.3 (i686) libXau-1.0.5 (i686) libxcb-1.5 (i686) libXi-1.3 (i686)
这里建议配置好YUM，用yum 来一次安装。
安装常用软件: yum -y install autoconf automake binutils-devel bison cpp dos2unix ftp gcc gcc-c++ lrzsz python-devel 安装Oracle必需软件: yum -y install compat-db compat-db42 compat-db43 compat-gcc-34 compat-gcc-34-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 glibc-* glibc-*.i686 libXpm-*.i686 libXp.so.6 libXt.so.6 libXtst.so.6 libgcc_s.so.1 ksh libXp libaio-devel numactl numactl-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel
1.2 修改内核参数/etc/sysctl.conf
在sysctl.conf 中加入以下内容：
kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 如下2个参数直接使用默认值即可： kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 kernel.shmall = 4294967296
用root用户执行sysctl –p 使修改生效。
1.3 设置 Oracle 用户的 Shell 限制
在 /etc/security/limits.conf 中添加如下内容：
oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 10240
注：limits.conf 文件发生更改时，这些更改立即生效。但是，如果 Oracle 用户已登录，则这些更改将在注销这些用户并重新登录之后生效。必须先完成此操作，然后再使用这些帐户进行安装。
1.4 设置PAM
确保加载了最新版本的 PAM，然后在 /etc/pam.d/login 文件中添加或编辑以下行：
session required pam_limits.so
1.5 设置ulimit
验证当前 ulimit，如果需要则增大。可以采用多种方式完成此操作，推荐方法是在 /etc/profile 中添加以下行：
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -u 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi
1.6 创建Oracle用户和组
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle passwd oracle
1.7 创建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1 chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01 chmod -R 777 /u01
1.8 设置oracle用户的环境变量
修改/home/oracle/.bash_profile 文件添加如下内容：
TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=cndba; export ORACLE_SID SHLIB_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH;export SHLIB_PATH NLS_LANG=American_America.zhs16gbk;export NLS_LANG ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;export ORA_NLS10 TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;export TNS_ADMIN ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH Source 参数使生效： [oracle@Ora12c ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile
2 开始安装
运行runinstaller。
[root@Ora12c database]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory. Adding read,write permissions for group. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete. [root@Ora12c database]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh Performing root user operation for Oracle 12c The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1 Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Creating /etc/oratab file... Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created Finished running generic part of root script. Now product-specific root actions will be performed. [root@Ora12c database]#
3 查询数据库信息
[oracle@Ora12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Thu Apr 24 12:00:39 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> set lin 140 SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER CON_ID -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production 0 PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0 CORE 12.1.0.1.0 Production 0 TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0 NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0 SQL> SELECT CDB FROM V$DATABASE; CDB --- YES SQL> select PDB_NAME,CON_UID,pdb_id,status from dba_pdbs; PDB_NAME CON_UID PDB_ID STATUS -------------------- ---------- ---------- ------------- PDBCNDBA 426143573 3 NORMAL PDB$SEED 4088301206 2 NORMAL SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs; CON_ID DBID NAME OPEN_MODE ---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- 2 4088301206 PDB$SEED READ ONLY 3 426143573 PDBCNDBA READ WRITE SQL> show con_name CON_NAME ------------------------------ CDB$ROOT SQL> alter session set container=pdbcndba; Session altered. SQL> show con_name CON_NAME ------------------------------ PDBCNDBA SQL> show con_name CON_NAME ------------------------------ PDBCNDBA
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