1       操作系统

安装Oracle 12c 推荐使用Redhat 7.3，安装过程省略。

 

2       安装依赖包

官网上提示需要安装的依赖包如下：

http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815

binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7 (i686)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-2.17-36.el7 (i686)
glibc-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (i686)
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7 (x86_64)
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686)
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (i686)
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7 (x86_64)
libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7 (i686)
libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7 (x86_64)
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (i686)
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7 (x86_64)
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (i686)
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7 (x86_64)
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (i686)
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7 (x86_64)
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (i686)
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7 (x86_64)
libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (i686)
libxcb-1.9-5.el7 (x86_64)
make-3.82-19.el7 (x86_64)
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.21.el7.x86_64 (for Oracle ACFS)
net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7 (x86_64) (for Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware)
smartmontools-6.2-4.el7 (x86_64)
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7 (x86_64)

 

这里直接使用YUM 进行安装，yum 的配置参考如下文章：http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815

 Linux 平台下 YUM 源配置 手册
   http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/154

 

http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815

yum -y install autoconf automake binutils-devel bison cpp dos2unix ftp gcc gcc-c++ lrzsz python-devel compat-db* compat-gcc-34 compat-gcc-34-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 glibc-* glibc-*.i686 libXpm-*.i686 libXp.so.6 libXt.so.6 libXtst.so.6 libgcc_s.so.1 ksh libXp libaio-devel numactl numactl-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97 elfutils-libelf-devel

3       修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件

编辑/etc/sysctl.conf 文件并添加如下内容：

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

如果kernel.shmall和kernel.shmmax的默认值已经超过上述值，使用默认值即可。

 http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815

使用如下命令让修改生效：

# /sbin/sysctl -p

 

确认修改生效：

# /sbin/sysctl -a

 

4       修改/etc/security/limits.conf 文件

 

官网给的建议如下表：

Resource Shell Limit	Resource http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815	Soft Limit	Hard Limit
Open file descriptors	nofile	at least 1024	at least 65536
Number of processes available to a single user	nproc	at least 2047	at least 16384
Size of the stack segment of the process	stack	at least 10240 KB	at least 10240 KB, and at most 32768 KB
Maximum locked memory limithttp://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815	memlock	at least 90 percent of the current RAM when HugePages memory is enabled and at least 3145728 KB (3 GB) when HugePages memory is disabled	at least 90 percent of the current RAM when HugePages memory is enabled and at least 3145728 KB (3 GB) when HugePages memory is disabled

 

这里添加如下内容：

oracle              soft    nproc   2047
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  1024
oracle              hard    nofile  65536
oracle              soft    stack   10240

 

5       创建用户

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54330 racdba
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G asmdba,asmadmin grid

确认用户：
$ id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54327(asmdba)

$ id -a grid
uid=54322(grid) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54329(asmadmin),54327(asmdba)

修改用户密码：

passwd oracle

passwd grid

 http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815

如果用户组有错误，使用如下命令进行修改：

# /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle

 

6       创建目录结构

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1 
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 
chmod -R 777 /u01

设置oracle用户的环境变量

#vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
--将如下代码添加到.bash_profile文件中： 
# Oracle Settings 
TMP=/tmp; export TMP 
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR 
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE 
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME 
ORACLE_SID=www.cndba.cn; export ORACLE_SID 
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM 
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH 
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH 
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH 
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

7       开始安装

直接使用Xshell，运行OUI，然后下一步结束。  没有XShell，VNC也可以。

[oracle@cndba.cn~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Mar 20 21:26:14 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME			  OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
	 2 PDB$SEED			  READ ONLY  NO
	 3 DAVE 			  READ WRITE NO
SQL>

http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/1815

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