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Linux 软RAID(mdadm) 操作示例

2023-06-02 15:09 1140 0 原创 Linux
作者： dave
本文链接：http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

mdadm是linux下用于创建和管理软件RAID的命令。

1 命令帮助

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm --help
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm --create --help


 Options that are valid with --create (-C) are:
  --bitmap=          -b : Create a bitmap for the array with the given filename
                        : or an internal bitmap if 'internal' is given
  --chunk=           -c : chunk size in kibibytes
  --rounding=           : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)
  --level=           -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,6,10,linear,multipath and synonyms
  --parity=          -p : raid5/6 parity algorithm: {left,right}-{,a}symmetric
  --layout=             : same as --parity, for RAID10: [fno]NN 
  --raid-devices=    -n : number of active devices in array
  --spare-devices=   -x : number of spare (eXtra) devices in initial array
  --size=            -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6/10 - optional
  --data-offset=        : Space to leave between start of device and start
                        : of array data.
  --force            -f : Honour devices as listed on command line.  Don't
                        : insert a missing drive for RAID5.
  --run              -R : insist of running the array even if not all
                        : devices are present or some look odd.
  --readonly         -o : start the array readonly - not supported yet.
  --name=            -N : Textual name for array - max 32 characters
  --bitmap-chunk=       : bitmap chunksize in Kilobytes.
  --delay=           -d : bitmap update delay in seconds.
  --write-journal=      : Specify journal device for RAID-4/5/6 array
  --consistency-policy= : Specify the policy that determines how the array
                     -k : maintains consistency in case of unexpected shutdown.

选项：-C 的几个常用专用选项：

  1. -l 级别
  2. -n 设备个数
  3. -a {yes|no} 自动为其创建设备文件
  4. -c 指定数据块大小（chunk）
  5. -x 指定空闲盘（热备磁盘）个数，空闲盘（热备磁盘）能在工作盘损坏后自动顶替

注意：创建阵列时，阵列所需磁盘数为-n参数和-x参数的个数和

2 环境说明

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# fdisk -l |grep /dev/sd
Disk /dev/sdl: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdk: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdh: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdf: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdi: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdd: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdb: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sde: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdj: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdg: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sdc: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Disk /dev/sda: 50 GiB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
/dev/sda1  *       2048   2099199   2097152   1G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       2099200 104857599 102758400  49G 8e Linux LVM
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

3 创建raid0

3.1 创建raid

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root klas -wi-ao---- <44.00g                                                    
  swap klas -wi-ao----   5.00g                                                    
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# 


[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md0 -a yes -l 0 -n 2 /dev/sd{b,c}
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.


[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# fdisk -l /dev/md0
Disk /dev/md0: 1.102 GiB, 2143289344 bytes, 4186112 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1048576 bytes
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

3.2 格式化：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0
mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
Creating filesystem with 523264 4k blocks and 130816 inodes
Filesystem UUID: de345027-6b8c-4674-ad6e-5da8de60be84
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

4 创建raid1：

4.1 创建raid

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md1 -a yes -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sd{d,e}
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
    may not be suitable as a boot device.  If you plan to
    store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
    your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
    --metadata=0.90
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md1 started.
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# 

注意：这个提示是说软raid不能用作启动分区。


[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# fdisk -l /dev/md1
Disk /dev/md1: 1022 MiB, 1071644672 bytes, 2093056 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

4.2 格式化：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1
mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
Creating filesystem with 261632 4k blocks and 65408 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 954ab8d6-ffad-427b-85f2-2e703ea4d87f
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

5 创建raid5：

5.1 创建raid5

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md5 -a yes -l 5 -n 3 /dev/sd{f,g,h}
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md5 started.

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# fdisk -l /dev/md5
Disk /dev/md5: 1.102 GiB, 2143289344 bytes, 4186112 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1048576 bytes
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

5.2 格式化：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md5
mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
Creating filesystem with 523264 4k blocks and 130816 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 5a67350c-f625-414b-800f-675cc9acefae
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

5.3 增加热备磁盘：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:10:26 2023
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 2093056 (2044.00 MiB 2143.29 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 3
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:14:18 2023
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 3
   Working Devices : 3
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:5  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 883963c1:83ca52ae:86763222:8bbdc797
            Events : 18

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       80        0      active sync   /dev/sdf
       1       8       96        1      active sync   /dev/sdg
       3       8      112        2      active sync   /dev/sdh

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm /dev/md5 -a /dev/sdi
mdadm: added /dev/sdi

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:10:26 2023
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 2093056 (2044.00 MiB 2143.29 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 3
     Total Devices : 4
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:15:19 2023
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 3
   Working Devices : 4
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 1

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:5  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 883963c1:83ca52ae:86763222:8bbdc797
            Events : 19

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       80        0      active sync   /dev/sdf
       1       8       96        1      active sync   /dev/sdg
       3       8      112        2      active sync   /dev/sdh

       4       8      128        -      spare   /dev/sdi
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

6 查看md状态：

6.1 查看RAID阵列的详细信息：

选项： -D = —detail
mdadm -D /dev/md# 查看指定RAID设备的详细信息http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 13:59:31 2023
        Raid Level : raid0
        Array Size : 2093056 (2044.00 MiB 2143.29 MB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 2
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 13:59:31 2023
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : none

              Name : dcm3:0  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 1e9db374:a1454a28:b330ee33:c030cd37
            Events : 0

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       16        0      active sync   /dev/sdb
       1       8       32        1      active sync   /dev/sdc
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

6.2 查看raid状态

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] 
md0 : active raid0 sdc[1] sdb[0]
      2093056 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks

unused devices: <none>
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# 

注意：在创建raid前，应该先查看磁盘是否被识别，如果内核还为识别，创建Raid时会报错：
cat /proc/partitions
如果没有被识别，可以执行命令：
kpartx /dev/sdb或者partprobe/dev/sdb

7 管理模式

选项：-a(—add)，-d(—del),-r(—remove),-f(—fail)http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

7.1 模拟损坏：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm /dev/md1 -f /dev/sdd
mdadm: set /dev/sdd faulty in /dev/md1

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:03:34 2023
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 2
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:27:33 2023
             State : clean, degraded 
    Active Devices : 1
   Working Devices : 1
    Failed Devices : 1
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:1  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
            Events : 19

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       -       0        0        0      removed
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde

       0       8       48        -      faulty   /dev/sdd
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

7.2 移除损坏的磁盘：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm /dev/md1 -r /dev/sdd
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdd from /dev/md1

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:03:34 2023
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 1
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:28:47 2023
             State : clean, degraded 
    Active Devices : 1
   Working Devices : 1
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:1  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
            Events : 20

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       -       0        0        0      removed
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

7.3 添加新的硬盘到已有阵列：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm /dev/md1 -a /dev/sdd
mdadm: added /dev/sdd

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:03:34 2023
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 2
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:29:28 2023
             State : clean, degraded, recovering 
    Active Devices : 1
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 1

Consistency Policy : resync

    Rebuild Status : 38% complete

              Name : dcm3:1  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
            Events : 28

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       2       8       48        0      spare rebuilding   /dev/sdd  
# 注意这里的状态
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde


[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:03:34 2023
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 2
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:29:31 2023
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:1  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
            Events : 39

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       2       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

注意：

http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

  1. 新增加的硬盘需要与原硬盘大小一致
  2. 如果原有阵列缺少工作磁盘（如raid1只有一块在工作，raid5只有2块在工作），这时新增加的磁盘直接变为工作磁盘，如果原有阵列工作正常，则新增加的磁盘为热备磁盘。

7.4 停止阵列：

选项：-S = —stop

http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045 

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -S /dev/md1
mdadm: stopped /dev/md1

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# fdisk -l /dev/md1
fdisk: cannot open /dev/md1: No such file or directory
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

7.5 启动 RAID /dev/md1

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -A /dev/md1 /dev/sdd /dev/sde
mdadm: /dev/md1 has been started with 2 drives.

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:03:34 2023
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 2
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:29:31 2023
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:1  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
            Events : 39

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       2       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

这里需要写明所有设备，可以创建/etc/mdadm.conf 文件，就不用创建了。http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

7.6 扫描 RAID 信息

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -Ds
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:0 UUID=1e9db374:a1454a28:b330ee33:c030cd37
ARRAY /dev/md5 metadata=1.2 spares=1 name=dcm3:5 UUID=883963c1:83ca52ae:86763222:8bbdc797
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:1 UUID=985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

7.7 开机自启动：创建配置文件 /etc/mdadm.conf

   如果没有配置 /etc/mdadm.conf 文件，那么每次机器重启后都需要手工启动RADI。 可以通过创建配置文件，让RAID 自动启动。

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -Ds
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:0 UUID=1e9db374:a1454a28:b330ee33:c030cd37
ARRAY /dev/md5 metadata=1.2 spares=1 name=dcm3:5 UUID=883963c1:83ca52ae:86763222:8bbdc797
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:1 UUID=985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# 
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm --detail --scan
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:0 UUID=1e9db374:a1454a28:b330ee33:c030cd37
ARRAY /dev/md5 metadata=1.2 spares=1 name=dcm3:5 UUID=883963c1:83ca52ae:86763222:8bbdc797
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:1 UUID=985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

创建文件：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -Ds >> /etc/mdadm.conf

修改文件 /etc/mdadm.conf， 增加 device 内容，修改后内容如下http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# cat /etc/mdadm.conf
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:0 UUID=1e9db374:a1454a28:b330ee33:c030cd37 devices=/dev/sdb,/dev/sdc
ARRAY /dev/md5 metadata=1.2 spares=1 name=dcm3:5 UUID=883963c1:83ca52ae:86763222:8bbdc797 devices=/dev/sdf,/dev/sdg,/dev/sdh,/dev/sdi
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 name=dcm3:1 UUID=985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d devices=/dev/sdd,/dev/sde
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

备注：通过创建 /etc/mdadm.conf 文件后，那么启动RAID 时不需要指定 RAID设备和 RAID 成员。

7.8 删除阵列

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -S /dev/md5
mdadm: stopped /dev/md5
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# 

或
rm /dev/md0

修改/etc/mdadm.conf、/etc/fstab等设置文件，把相关的地方去掉；最后，用fdisk对磁盘进行重新分区即可。http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

8 增长模式

用于增加磁盘，为阵列扩容：
选项：-G

将上述raid5的热备磁盘增加到阵列工作磁盘中http://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -G /dev/md5 -n 4

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5 
/dev/md5:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:10:26 2023
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 2093056 (2044.00 MiB 2143.29 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 4
     Total Devices : 4
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:52:50 2023
             State : clean, reshaping 
    Active Devices : 4
   Working Devices : 4
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

    Reshape Status : 28% complete
     Delta Devices : 1, (3->4)

              Name : dcm3:5  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 883963c1:83ca52ae:86763222:8bbdc797
            Events : 37

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       80        0      active sync   /dev/sdf
       1       8       96        1      active sync   /dev/sdg
       3       8      112        2      active sync   /dev/sdh
       4       8      128        3      active sync   /dev/sdi
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

给raid 1增加2个硬盘：

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -G /dev/md1 -n 3 -a /dev/sdj
mdadm: added /dev/sdj
raid_disks for /dev/md1 set to 3

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:03:34 2023
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 3
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:55:21 2023
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 3
   Working Devices : 3
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:1  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
            Events : 61

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       2       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde
       3       8      144        2      active sync   /dev/sdj
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# 

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -G /dev/md1 -n 4 -a /dev/sdk
mdadm: added /dev/sdk
raid_disks for /dev/md1 set to 4

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Fri Jun  2 14:03:34 2023
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 4
     Total Devices : 4
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Fri Jun  2 14:58:07 2023
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 4
   Working Devices : 4
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : dcm3:1  (local to host dcm3)
              UUID : 985dfa4e:c5f7a754:6bfc9d7e:ba1ac90d
            Events : 83

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       2       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde
       3       8      144        2      active sync   /dev/sdj
       4       8      160        3      active sync   /dev/sdk
[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]#

9 装配模式（重新启动RAID）

软RAID是基于系统的，当原系统损坏了，需要重新装配RAIDhttp://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

选项：-Ahttp://www.cndba.cn/dave/article/121045

[dave@www.cndba.cn ~]# mdadm -A /dev/md1 /dev/sdd /dev/sde
mdadm: /dev/md1 has been started with 2 drives.

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dave

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人的一生应该是这样度过的：当他回首往事的时候，他不会因为虚度年华而悔恨，也不会因为碌碌无为而羞耻；这样，在临死的时候，他就能够说：“我的整个生命和全部精力，都已经献给世界上最壮丽的事业....."

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