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1.准备工作
首先得准备两个能够PING通，并且装了Oracle软件且已经建库的Linux虚拟机。操作系统不限，至少有一个虚拟机已经建好库，最好两个都建好相同SID的库，这样少很多创建目录的麻烦，这里库的SID都是orcl，Linux严格区分大小写，所以SID的大小写得注意。
我这里有两个名为PD和ST的Linux虚拟机。
PD:192.168.56.5（主库）
ST:192.168.56.6（备库）
2.在主库做一些操作
2.1强制force logging
SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2253784 bytes Variable Size 1006636072 bytes Database Buffers 637534208 bytes Redo Buffers 7094272 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database force logging; --修改数据库为强制记日志，这是必须的操作，主库的每一步操作都得记录到日志中去。 Database altered.
2.2开启主库的归档模式
SQL> alter database archivelog; --修改数据库为归档模式，因为dg是通过传送归档日志到备库然后应用来保证主备库一致的。 Database altered.
2.3创建standby redo log
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50M;
Database altered
SQL> select group#,type,member from v$logfile;
GROUP# TYPE MEMBER
---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
3 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
2 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
1 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
4 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log
5 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log
6 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log
7 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log
2.4创建pfile
SQL> create pfile from spfile;--这里创建pfile是为了做一些主库参数的配置，并且还得拷贝到备库再次修改成备库的配置。 File created. SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down.
2.5创建主库归档目录
[oracle@PD orcl]$ mkdir archivelog --建立这个目录是为了存放主库的归档日志文件，并且这个目录会和其他数据文件等等一起拷贝到备库。 [oracle@PD orcl]$ cd archivelog/ [oracle@PD archivelog]$ ls [oracle@PD archivelog]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog
2.6在主备库同时创建静态监听listener和tnsname
建议用net manager建立
主库orcl_pd:192.168.56.5
[oracle@PD admin]$ cat listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = orcl) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle [oracle@PD admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. ORCL_ST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.6)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) ORCL_PD = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.5)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) [oracle@PD orcl]$ lsnrctl LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 22-SEP-2016 16:41:15 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information. LSNRCTL> status Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused LSNRCTL> start Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/PD/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=PD)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 22-SEP-2016 16:39:15 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/PD/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=PD)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully LSNRCTL> exit
备库orcl_pd:192.168.56.6
[oracle@ST admin]$ cat listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = orcl) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle [oracle@ST admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. ORCL_ST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.6)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) ORCL_PD = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.5)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) [oracle@ST dbs]$ lsnrctl LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 22-SEP-2016 16:39:20 Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information. LSNRCTL> status Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused LSNRCTL> start Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ST/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ST)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 22-SEP-2016 17:39:02 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ST/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ST)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
2.7修改主库pfile文件
[oracle@PD dbs]$ vi initorcl.ora
orcl.__db_cache_size=637534208
orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__large_pool_size=83886080
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640
orcl.__sga_target=989855744
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=234881024
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.memory_target=1657798656
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
--下面这个是为了搭建DG添加的配置参数，主备库是有区分的，请注意
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_pd
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl_pd,orcl_st)'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
'LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_pd'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
'SERVICE=orcl_st ASYNC
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_st'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc
FAL_SERVER=orcl_st
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
2.8用pfile启动主库，并创建spfile
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes
Fixed Size 2253784 bytes
Variable Size 1006636072 bytes
Database Buffers 637534208 bytes
Redo Buffers 7094272 bytes
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
2.9创建主备库的备份目录
主库
[oracle@PD orcl]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup
备库
[oracle@PD orcl]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup
2.10将口令验证文件和pfile发送到备库
[oracle@PD dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
[oracle@PD dbs]$ scp orapworcl 192.168.56.6:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
oracle@192.168.56.6's password:
orapworcl
[oracle@PD dbs]$ scp initorcl.ora 192.168.56.6:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
oracle@192.168.56.6's password:
initorcl.ora
2.11使用RMAN备份主库
run{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup format '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_%U_%T' skip inaccessible filesperset 5 database;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup format '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_%U_%T' skip inaccessible filesperset 5 archivelog all delete input;
backup current controlfile for standby format='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/control_%U';
release channel c2;
release channel c1;
}
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=36 device type=DISK
allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=37 device type=DISK
sql statement: alter system archive log current
Starting backup at 22-SEP-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c2: starting full datafile backup set
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_04rgf1el_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153132 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel c2: starting full datafile backup set
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_03rgf1el_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153132 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:30
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
including current control file in backup set
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_06rgf1fj_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153132 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_05rgf1fh_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153132 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 22-SEP-16
sql statement: alter system archive log current
Starting backup at 22-SEP-16
current log archived
channel c1: starting archived log backup set
channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=1 STAMP=923233092
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c2: starting archived log backup set
channel c2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=3 RECID=2 STAMP=923233097
input archived log thread=1 sequence=4 RECID=3 STAMP=923233617
input archived log thread=1 sequence=5 RECID=4 STAMP=923233623
input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=5 STAMP=923235876
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=6 STAMP=923235879
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_08rgf1fp_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153209 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel c2: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_3_923227030.arc RECID=2 STAMP=923233097
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_4_923227030.arc RECID=3 STAMP=923233617
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_5_923227030.arc RECID=4 STAMP=923233623
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_6_923227030.arc RECID=5 STAMP=923235876
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_7_923227030.arc RECID=6 STAMP=923235879
channel c2: starting archived log backup set
channel c2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=7 STAMP=923236628
input archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RECID=8 STAMP=923236631
input archived log thread=1 sequence=10 RECID=9 STAMP=923236802
input archived log thread=1 sequence=11 RECID=17 STAMP=923236808
input archived log thread=1 sequence=12 RECID=19 STAMP=923237271
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_07rgf1fp_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153209 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel c1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_2_923227030.arc RECID=1 STAMP=923233092
channel c1: starting archived log backup set
channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=21 STAMP=923239813
input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=22 STAMP=923239819
input archived log thread=1 sequence=15 RECID=23 STAMP=923239849
input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=24 STAMP=923239892
input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=25 STAMP=923239928
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_09rgf1fs_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153209 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel c2: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_8_923227030.arc RECID=7 STAMP=923236628
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_9_923227030.arc RECID=8 STAMP=923236631
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_10_923227030.arc RECID=9 STAMP=923236802
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_11_923227030.arc RECID=17 STAMP=923236808
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_12_923227030.arc RECID=19 STAMP=923237271
channel c2: starting archived log backup set
channel c2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=26 STAMP=923239928
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_0argf1ft_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153209 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel c1: deleting archived log(s)
RMAN-08137: WARNING: archived log not deleted, needed for standby or upstream capture process
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_13_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=13
RMAN-08137: WARNING: archived log not deleted, needed for standby or upstream capture process
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_14_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=14
RMAN-08137: WARNING: archived log not deleted, needed for standby or upstream capture process
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_15_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=15
RMAN-08137: WARNING: archived log not deleted, needed for standby or upstream capture process
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_16_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=16
RMAN-08137: WARNING: archived log not deleted, needed for standby or upstream capture process
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_17_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=17
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_0brgf1ft_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG20160922T153209 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
channel c2: deleting archived log(s)
RMAN-08137: WARNING: archived log not deleted, needed for standby or upstream capture process
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_18_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=18
Finished backup at 22-SEP-16
Starting backup at 22-SEP-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including standby control file in backup set
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/control_0crgf1fv_1_1 tag=TAG20160922T153215 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 22-SEP-16
released channel: c2
released channel: c1
RMAN> exit
2.12拷贝备份文件至备库相同目录
[oracle@localhost orcl]$ cd backup/
[oracle@localhost backup]$ scp * 192.168.56.6:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/
The authenticity of host '192.168.56.6 (192.168.56.6)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 5f:01:53:a3:53:1d:c2:75:d5:f4:9b:59:53:5c:21:51.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.56.6' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.56.6's password:
control_0crgf1fv_1_1 100% 9568KB 9.3MB/s 00:01
db_03rgf1el_1_1_20160922 100% 631MB 7.3MB/s 01:27
db_04rgf1el_1_1_20160922 100% 363MB 6.9MB/s 00:53
db_05rgf1fh_1_1_20160922 100% 9568KB 9.3MB/s 00:01
db_06rgf1fj_1_1_20160922 100% 96KB 96.0KB/s 00:00
db_07rgf1fp_1_1_20160922 100% 32MB 8.1MB/s 00:04
db_08rgf1fp_1_1_20160922 100% 3083KB 3.0MB/s 00:00
db_09rgf1fs_1_1_20160922 100% 1062KB 1.0MB/s 00:00
db_0argf1ft_1_1_20160922 100% 2470KB 2.4MB/s 00:00
db_0brgf1ft_1_1_20160922 100% 2560 2.5KB/s 00:00
3.在主库做一些操作
3.1在备库修改从主库拷贝来的pfile
[oracle@ST dbs]$ cat initorcl.ora orcl.__db_cache_size=637534208 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=83886080 orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640 orcl.__sga_target=989855744 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=234881024 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832 *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)' *.memory_target=1657798656 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_st LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl_pd,orcl_st)' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= 'LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_st' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=orcl_pd ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_pd' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc FAL_SERVER=orcl_pd STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
3.2启动备库到nomount状态并执行RMAN恢复
[oracle@localhost backup]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Sep 22 15:43:36 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1586708480 bytes Fixed Size 2253624 bytes Variable Size 973081800 bytes Database Buffers 603979776 bytes Redo Buffers 7393280 bytes
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ rman target sys/sys@orcl_pd auxiliary sys/sys@orcl_st
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Sep 22 15:43:55 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1451007763)
connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck dorecover;
Starting Duplicate Db at 22-SEP-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 942832;
restore clone standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 22-SEP-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_05rgf1fh_1_1_20160922
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_05rgf1fh_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG2016092
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 22-SEP-16
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 942832;
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 2 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf";
restore
clone database
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 22-SEP-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_04rgf1el_1_1_20160922
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_04rgf1el_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG2016092
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_03rgf1el_1_1_20160922
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_03rgf1el_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG2016092
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished restore at 22-SEP-16
contents of Memory Script:
{
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=923240696 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=923240696 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=923240696 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=923240697 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 942832;
recover
standby
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 22-SEP-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=17
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_0argf1ft_1_1_20160922
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_0argf1ft_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG2016092
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_17_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=17
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_17_923227030.arc RECID=1 STAMP=923240706
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=18
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_0brgf1ft_1_1_20160922
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/backup/db_0brgf1ft_1_1_20160922 tag=TAG2016092
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_18_923227030.arc thread=1 sequence=18
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/archivelog/1_18_923227030.arc RECID=2 STAMP=923240709
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 22-SEP-16
Finished Duplicate Db at 22-SEP-16
RMAN>
3.3打开备库并查询状态
此时恢复完的备库已经是mount状态了，打开后就是read only状态。
[oracle@ST orcl]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Sep 22 15:50:36 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE -------------------- MOUNTED SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE -------------------- READ ONLY
3.4重新创建standby logfile（这一步也可以不做）
SQL> set lines 200
SQL> col staus for a20
SQL> col status for a20
SQL> col member for a100
SQL> select group#,type,member,status from v$logfile;
GROUP# TYPE MEMBER
---------- ------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_cy730ckf_.log
2 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_cy730b0m_.log
1 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_cy73084f_.log
4 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_cy730f61_.log
5 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_cy730h6b_.log
6 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_6_cy730jmm_.log
7 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_cy730ljv_.log
7 rows selected.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 5;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 6;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 7;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50m;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50m;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50m;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50m;
Database altered.
SQL> select group#,type,member,status from v$logfile;
GROUP# TYPE MEMBER
---------- ------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_cy730ckf_.log
2 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_cy730b0m_.log
1 ONLINE /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL_ST/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_cy73084f_.log
4 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log
5 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log
6 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log
7 STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log
7 rows selected.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY
4.验证主库
SQL> set lines 200 SQL> col dest_name for a20 SQL> col error for a20 SQL> select dest_name,status,process,error,transmit_mode from v$archive_dest where target='STANDBY'; DEST_NAME STATUS PROCESS ERROR TRANSMIT_MOD -------------------- --------- ---------- -------------------- ------------ LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 VALID LGWR ASYNCHRONOUS
5.备库开启apply service
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
6.主库建表校验
主库
SQL> create table Csong(id number(10),name varchar2(20)); Table created. SQL> insert into Csong values(1,'Csong'); 1 row created. SQL> insert into Csong values(2,'Lyuanyuan'); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered.
备库
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log; SEQUENCE# APPLIED ---------- --------- 6 YES 7 YES 8 YES 9 YES 10 YES 11 YES 12 YES 7 rows selected. SQL> desc Csong Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- ID NUMBER(10) NAME VARCHAR2(20) SQL> select * from Csong; ID NAME ---------- -------------------- 1 Csong 2 Lyuanyuan
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