假如sys和system密码丢失，则需要使用oracle用户登录数据库所在的服务器http://www.cndba.cn/hbhe0316/article/4899

[root@db01 ~]# su -  oracle
Last login: Mon Oct  4 21:18:14 CST 2021 on pts/1
s[oracle@db01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Oct 7 21:34:12 2021
Version 19.12.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2516581448 bytes
Fixed Size                  9141320 bytes
Variable Size            1207959552 bytes
Database Buffers         1291845632 bytes
Redo Buffers                7634944 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter user sys identified by wwwwww;

User altered.

SQL> alter user system identified by wwwwww;

User altered.

以上命令将 sys/system 用户的密码修改为wwwwww

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