//开启数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba;          //登录连接CDB，默认是root container;
startup open;       //open 模式，但此时的pdb模式是mounted，需要手工开启PDB
SQL> alter session set container=PDB;            //切换到某个pdb
SQL> alter pluggable database open;             //开启选定的pdb
SQL> alter pluggable database all open;         //开启全部pdb


//关闭数据库
SQL> alter pluggable database all close;             //关闭所有dpb
SQL> alter session set container=PDB;              //切换到某个pdb
SQL> shutdown immediate；

SQL> alter session set container = CDB$ROOT;      //切换到cdb
SQL> shutdown immediate;

设置PDB随CDB启动而启动
SQL> alter pluggable database pdb save state;

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oracle,linux