1.最佳实践的设置内容：
请在RDBMS_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora 文件里面设置 SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME=5
和 SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 120http://www.cndba.cn/hbhe0316/article/116540http://www.cndba.cn/hbhe0316/article/116540http://www.cndba.cn/hbhe0316/article/116540

Example
SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME=5

设置 sqlnet.expire_time 的目的是，间隔 N 分钟之后发一个 probe 包证明 client/server connections 是 active 的。
To specify a time interval, in minutes, to send a check to verify that client/server connections are active.

Ref:
https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/netrf/parameters-for-the-sqlnet.ora.html#GUID-1070805B-0703-457C-8D2E-4EEC26193E5F
5.2.43 SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIMEhttp://www.cndba.cn/hbhe0316/article/116540

Oracle Net 12c: Changes to the Functionality of Dead Connection Detection (DCD) ( Doc ID 1591874.1 )

In server side sqlnet.ora file , increase the value of the below variable. (By default it set to 60 seconds only.)
SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT 默认值是 60 秒

For example:
SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 120

实施步骤:http://www.cndba.cn/hbhe0316/article/116540

服务器和客户端建立的链接，长时间空闲，期间网络中断造成
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
touch sqlnet.ora
加入
SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME = 5
SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 120

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