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19.18 DB的RU 编号是：34765931，GI的RU编号是：34762026
1.查看当前环境
[root@db01 ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Thu Jan 19 11:35:10 CST 2023 on pts/1
s[oracle@db01 ~]$ sqlplus -V
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
2.查看OPatch版本
[oracle@db01 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17
OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@db01 tmp]$ unzip p34765931_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
[oracle@db01 tmp]$ cd 34765931/
[oracle@db01 34765931]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
PREREQ session
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-01-19_11-55-17AM_1.log
Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"
Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.
OPatch succeeded.
应用patch
这里有几点注意事项：
1.如果是物理DG，那么主备库都需要安装Patch，可以先在备库安装，再安装主库，操作步骤可以参考：Document 278641.1。
2.对于RAC 环境，可以使用OPatch rolling 方式来安装，这样没有停机时间，具体操作可以参考：Document 244241.1。
3.对于单实例，必须关闭待升级ORACLE HOME关联的所有实例和监听，并且包括退出所有的sqlplus窗口。
关闭实例和监听，并退出sqlplus。
[oracle@db01 34765931]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 19-JAN-2023 11:56:30
Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=db01)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[oracle@db01 34765931]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Jan 19 11:57:28 2023
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
升级Opatch，19.17最低要求Opatch为12.2.0.1.36 or later
[oracle@db01 32545013]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17
OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@db01 32545013]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@db01 dbhome_1]$ mv OPatch/ OPatchbak
[oracle@db01 dbhome_1]$ unzip /tmp/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.36
OPatch succeeded.
应用patch：
[oracle@db01 34765931]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.36
Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.36
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-01-19_12-03-47PM_1.log
Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches: 34765931
Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.
Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1')
Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying interim patch '34765931' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1'
ApplySession: Optional component(s) [ oracle.network.gsm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.ic, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4db2, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.tfa, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.sdo.companion, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap.api, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.oid.client, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.xdk.companion, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.network.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4msql, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.ons.eons.bwcompat, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.net.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4tera, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4sybs, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.ons.cclient, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4ifmx, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.191.0 ] not present in the Oracle Home or a higher version is found.
Patching component oracle.slax.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ordim.jai, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.bali.jewt, 11.1.1.6.0...
Patching component oracle.bali.ewt, 11.1.1.6.0...
Patching component oracle.help.ohj, 11.1.1.7.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.locator, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.perlint.expat, 2.0.1.0.4...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.util, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.assistants.acf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.assistants.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.assistants.server, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.blaslapack, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.buildtools.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ctx, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.dbdev, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.dbjava.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.dbjava.jdbc, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.dbjava.ucp, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.duma, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.javavm.client, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.owm, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.security.osdt, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.marvel, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.network.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.odbc.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ons, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ons.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.oracore.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.perlint, 5.28.1.0.0...
Patching component oracle.precomp.common.core, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.precomp.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.crs, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.oci, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rhp.db, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.sdo, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.sdo.locator.jrf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.sqlplus, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.sqlplus.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.wwg.plsql, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.network.listener, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.lbac, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.hs_common, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.network.client, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.sdo.locator, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.xdk.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.drdaas, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.oraolap, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.dv, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.ssl, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ctx.atg, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.hsodbc, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.xdk, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.mgw.common, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.oraolap.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.xdk.xquery, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.odbc, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.plugins, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.oraolap.api, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.scheduler, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.common, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.xdk.parser.java, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ovm, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ctx.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.client, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.install.deinstalltool, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.dbtoolslistener, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.precomp.lang, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.precomp.common, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.201.0...
Patch 34765931 successfully applied.
Sub-set patch [29517242] has become inactive due to the application of a super-set patch [34765931].
Please refer to Doc ID 2161861.1 for any possible further required actions.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-01-19_12-03-47PM_1.log
OPatch succeeded.
5.加载变化的SQL到数据库
安装补丁之后，还需要将有变化的SQL加载到数据库中，这里可以直接运行Datapatch工具将这些修改的SQL重新加载到数据库中，如果是RAC环境，只需要在一个节点执行就可以了。
[oracle@db01 34765931]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Jan 19 12:39:36 2023
Version 19.18.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2516579032 bytes
Fixed Size 9167576 bytes
Variable Size 620756992 bytes
Database Buffers 1879048192 bytes
Redo Buffers 7606272 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB01 MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database all open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.18.0.0.0
[oracle@db01 34765931]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verbose
SQL Patching tool version 19.18.0.0.0 Production on Thu Jan 19 12:41:25 2023
Copyright (c) 2012, 2023, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_8927_2023_01_19_12_41_25/sqlpatch_invocation.log
Connecting to database...OK
Gathering database info...done
Note: Datapatch will only apply or rollback SQL fixes for PDBs
that are in an open state, no patches will be applied to closed PDBs.
Please refer to Note: Datapatch: Database 12c Post Patch SQL Automation
(Doc ID 1585822.1)
Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done
Determining current state...done
Current state of interim SQL patches:
No interim patches found
Current state of release update SQL patches:
Binary registry:
19.18.0.0.0 Release_Update 230111171738: Installed
PDB CDB$ROOT:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 19-JAN-23 10.58.24.049035 AM
PDB PDB$SEED:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 19-JAN-23 11.07.41.333551 AM
PDB PDB01:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 19-JAN-23 11.07.41.333551 AM
Adding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...done
Installation queue:
For the following PDBs: CDB$ROOT PDB$SEED PDB01
No interim patches need to be rolled back
Patch 34765931 (Database Release Update : 19.18.0.0.230117 (34765931)):
Apply from 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 to 19.18.0.0.0 Release_Update 230111171738
No interim patches need to be applied
Installing patches...
Patch installation complete. Total patches installed: 3
Validating logfiles...done
Patch 34765931 apply (pdb CDB$ROOT): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/34765931/25078403/34765931_apply_ORCL_CDBROOT_2023Jan19_12_43_23.log (no errors)
Patch 34765931 apply (pdb PDB$SEED): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/34765931/25078403/34765931_apply_ORCL_PDBSEED_2023Jan19_12_56_40.log (no errors)
Patch 34765931 apply (pdb PDB01): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/34765931/25078403/34765931_apply_ORCL_PDB01_2023Jan19_12_56_40.log (no errors)
Automatic recompilation incomplete; run utlrp.sql to revalidate.
PDBs: PDB01 PDB$SEED
SQL Patching tool complete on Thu Jan 19 13:07:22 2023
处理无效对象
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
Session altered.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN 2023-01-19 13:13:35
DOC> The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL_RECOMP to recompile invalid
DOC> objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the
DOC> number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take
DOC> a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid
DOC> objects.
DOC>
DOC> Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This
DOC> number should decrease with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number
DOC> should increase with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
DOC>
DOC> This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation
DOC> based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu_count) multiplied
DOC> by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel_threads_per_cpu).
DOC> On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.
DOC>
DOC> UTL_RECOMP uses DBMS_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel
DOC> recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they
DOC> can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify
DOC> whether UTL_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>#
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END 2023-01-19 13:13:37
DOC> The following query reports the number of invalid objects.
DOC>
DOC> If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error
DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they
DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.
DOC>#
OBJECTS WITH ERRORS
-------------------
0
DOC> The following query reports the number of exceptions caught during
DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error
DOC> messages in the table UTL_RECOMP_ERRORS to see if any of these errors
DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.
DOC> Note: Typical compilation errors (due to coding errors) are not
DOC> logged into this table: they go into DBA_ERRORS instead.
DOC>#
ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION
---------------------------
0
Function created.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Function dropped.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
3.5 查看版本变化
SQL> col status for a10
SQL> col action for a10
SQL> col action_time for a30
SQL> col description for a60
SQL> select patch_id,patch_type,action,status,action_time,description from dba_registry_sqlpatch;
PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION STATUS
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
ACTION_TIME
------------------------------
DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------------------------------
29517242 RU APPLY SUCCESS
19-JAN-23 10.58.24.049035 AM
Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242)
34765931 RU APPLY SUCCESS
19-JAN-23 01.06.43.927615 PM
Database Release Update : 19.18.0.0.230117 (34765931)
PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION STATUS
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
ACTION_TIME
------------------------------
DESCRIPTION
------------------------------------------------------------
SQL> select ACTION_TIME,VERSION,COMMENTS from dba_registry_history;
ACTION_TIME
------------------------------
VERSION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMMENTS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19
RDBMS_19.18.0.0.0DBRU_LINUX.X64_230111
19-JAN-23 10.58.14.769416 AM
19.0.0.0.0
Patch applied on 19.3.0.0.0: Release_Update - 190410122720
ACTION_TIME
------------------------------
VERSION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMMENTS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19-JAN-23 12.55.46.816811 PM
19.0.0.0.0
Patch applied from 19.3.0.0.0 to 19.18.0.0.0: Release_Update - 230111171738
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