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从18c开始，如果选择了read-only的Oracle home，那么相关的数据库工具和进程将会存放到ORACLE_BASE下，而不是ORACLE_HOME下。
只读Oracle home将软件从数据库配置信息和日志文件中分离出来。这种分离能够轻松地跨不同的部署共享软件。只读Oracle home还简化了版本控制和标准化。
Enabling a Read-Only Oracle Home
Configure your Oracle home as a read-only Oracle home after you have performed a software-only Oracle Database installation.
To enable a read-only Oracle home:
Perform a software-only Oracle Database installation.
Run the roohctl -enable script.
Run Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (Oracle DBCA) to create a database.
Software-Only Database Installation
Log in as the Oracle installation owner user account (oracle) that you want to own the software binaries.
Download the Oracle Database installation image files (db_home.zip) to a directory of your choice. For example, you can download the image files to the /tmp directory.
Create the Oracle home directory and extract the image files that you have downloaded in to this Oracle home directory. For example:
$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
$ chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
$ unzip -q /tmp/db_home.zip
Note:Ensure that the Oracle home directory path you create is in compliance with the Oracle Optimal Flexible Architecture recommendations. Also, unzip the installation image files only in this Oracle home directory that you created.
From the Oracle home directory, run the runInstaller command to start the Oracle Database installer.
In the Select Configuration Option screen, select Set Up Software Only.
Select your installation type. Installation screens vary depending on the installation option you select. Respond to the configuration prompts as needed.
Note:Click Help if you have any questions about the information you are asked to submit during installation.
Run the roohctl Script
Go to the bin directory
$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/bin
Run the roohctl script to enable read-only Oracle home.
$ ./roohctl -enable
On Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) installations, run the preceding roohctl script on every node of the cluster. Alternatively, run the roohctl script with the nodelist option and provide the list of cluster nodes:
$ ./roohctl –enable –nodelist comma_separated_list_of_nodes
Run Oracle Database Configuration Assistant
Ensure that you are still in the bin directory and run Oracle DBCA.
$ ./dbca
In the Select Database Operation screen, select Create a Database.
The configuration screens vary depending on the options you select. Respond to the prompts as needed.
Note:Click Help if you have any questions about the information you are asked to submit during database creation.
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