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Oracle 11g 静默安装数据库软件，创建监听，手工建库

2017-05-23 17:41 5280 0 原创 Oracle 11g
作者： leo
本文链接：http://www.cndba.cn/cndba/leo1990/article/1929
1 静默安装DB软件

1.1 创建/etc/oraInst.loc文件并添加如下内容：
这里异一定是两行不能写一行，在此处吃过亏，否则安装数据软件的时候报错 
inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

更改文件的权限
chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc
chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc
1.2 创建response文件
修改response文件db_install.rsp，在文件在安装目录的response目录下，根据需求修改这个配置文件。 

[root@localhost instanllOracle11g]# cd /database/
[root@localhost database]# ls
install  readme.html  response  rpm  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html
[root@localhost database]# cd response/
[root@localhost response]# pwd
/database/response
[root@localhost response]# ls
dbca.rsp  db_install.rsp  netca.rsp

文件过滤找到需要修改的地方：
cat db_install.rsp |grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$"

[root@localhost response]# cat db_install.rsp |grep -v "#"|grep -v "^$"
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

可以根据我们的需要手工进行修改，实际上最简单的就是在GUI安装的时候，生成response文件，这样照葫芦画瓢就可以了。
最终我们修改了db_install.rsp中的如下内容：
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

其中DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES一定要设置成true，否则在安装的时候会出现以下的告警：
[WARNING] - My Oracle Support Username/Email Address Not Specified
[SEVERE] - Provide the My Oracle Support password.
无法继续安装
1.3 使用response 文件静默安装db软件 

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /database/response/db_install.rsp 
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.  Actual 3690 MB  Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.  Actual 4095 MB  Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-05-22_11-54-15AM. Please wait ...[oracle@localhost database]$ You can find the loll session at:
 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-05-22_11-54-15AM.log
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /database/response/db_install.rsp 
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.  Actual 3464 MB  Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.  Actual 4095 MB  Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-05-22_11-55-07AM. Please wait ...[oracle@localhost database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files.
  CAUSE: The selected Oracle home contained directories or files.
  ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location.
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-05-22_11-54-15AM.log' for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
	1. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh


Successfully Setup Software.

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
2 netca静默创建监听
netca.rsp不需要修改,直接建立监听，并且一定要注意环境变量要正确，否则netca 报错 -bash: netca: command not found,出现这个问题 基本是环境变量的问题 

[oracle@localhost app]$ netca -silent -responsefile /database/response/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
  Parameter "silent" = true
  Parameter "responsefile" = /database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
  Running Listener Control: 
   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
  Listener Control complete.
  Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
3 手工建库

 3.1 创建初始化文件 

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
hc_cndba.dat  initcndba.ora  init.ora  lkCNDBA

 从其他环境copy 过来也可以 touch 这个文件 然后添加以下内容:
 注意这里是oracle 用户创建,如果使用root 用户创建的话记得赋权限
 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora
 
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat initorcl.ora 
orcl.__db_cache_size=146800640
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=587202560
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=25165824
orcl.__sga_target=1023410176
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=272629760
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.memory_target=1048576000
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=1500
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sessions=1655
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
3.2 创建相关目录
根据当前的环境来创建，一般在$ORACLE_BASE/oradata下,如果使用root 用户创建的话记得赋权限 chown -R oracle:oinstall 
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ mkdir oradata
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ cd oradata
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ mkdir orcl
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ cd orcl
[oracle@localhost orcl]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
[oracle@localhost orcl]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/
[oracle@localhost orcl]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump

3.3 使用pfile 将DB启动到nomount 

[oracle@localhost orcl]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[oracle@localhost orcl]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon May 22 12:45:40 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1043886080 bytes
Fixed Size		  2259840 bytes
Variable Size		 889193600 bytes
Database Buffers	 146800640 bytes
Redo Buffers		  5632000 bytes
3.4 执行创建数据库脚本 

CREATE DATABASE orcl
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1 DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
3.5 执行善后脚本 

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
--约2分钟，作用：创建数据字典

SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
--约5分钟，作用：创建存储过程和包，跑完这两个脚本后库已经建完了。
3.6 验证 

SQL>conn system/oracle
SQL>@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
--约1分钟，以conn system/manager 运行此脚本 作用：设置sqlplus的一些包，让其它用户可以登录sqlplus

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME                    STATUS
-------------------------------- ------------------------
orcl                             OPEN

1 row selected.

SQL> col comp_name for a40
SQL> col version for a15
SQL> col status for a20
SQL> select comp_name,version,status from sys.dba_registry;

COMP_NAME                                VERSION         STATUS
---------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------
Oracle Database Catalog Views            11.2.0.4.0      VALID
Oracle Database Packages and Types       11.2.0.4.0      VALID

2 rows selected.

这里的2个组件，就是我们之前运行脚本创建的。
我们查看一组用DBCA 创建的实例的组件：
SQL> select comp_name,version,status from sys.dba_registry;

COMP_NAME				 VERSION	 STATUS
---------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------
OWB					 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Application Express		 3.2.1.00.12	 VALID
Oracle Enterprise Manager		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
OLAP Catalog				 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Spatial 				 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Multimedia			 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle XML Database			 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Text				 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Expression Filter		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Rules Manager			 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Workspace Manager		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID

COMP_NAME				 VERSION	 STATUS
---------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------
Oracle Database Catalog Views		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Database Packages and Types	 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle XDK				 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Database Java Packages		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
OLAP Analytic Workspace 		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle OLAP API 			 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID

18 rows selected.


缺少的组件也继续可以运行脚本创建，我们这里添加OLAP 和Spatial组件：
@?/olap/admin/olap.sql SYSAUX TEMP;
@?/md/admin/mdinst.sql

SQL> select comp_name,version,status from sys.dba_registry;

COMP_NAME				 VERSION	 STATUS
---------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------
Oracle Database Catalog Views		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle Database Packages and Types	 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
OLAP Analytic Workspace 		 11.2.0.4.0	 VALID
Oracle OLAP API 			 11.2.0.4.0	 LOADED

http://www.cndba.cn/cndba/leo1990/article/1929
http://www.cndba.cn/cndba/leo1990/article/1929 http://www.cndba.cn/cndba/leo1990/article/1929
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