有个朋友说只有exp出来的备份，需要进行恢复，然后远程帮朋友恢复的时候遇到点字符集的问题，记录下

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Export done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
server uses AL32UTF8 character set (possible charset conversion)
About to export speciied tables via Conventional Path ...

执行恢复的时候报出上面的警告，然后倒入过程中只倒入了部分数据，有大量的报错

IMP-00019,IMP-00003,ORA-12899值过大，数据倒入表失败，分析过后，因为字符集的问题，数据插入到库中大小变了。http://www.cndba.cn/asker/article/147

修改数据库字符集过程：

shutdown immediate

startup restrict

alter database character set AL32UTF8;

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
RROR at line 1:

结果报错，提示新字符集必须是老字符集的超集。http://www.cndba.cn/asker/article/147

于是强制转换

ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE AL32UTF8;

alter system diable restricted session;http://www.cndba.cn/asker/article/147

字符集修改到这完成

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